BIG建筑事務(wù)所獲選為匈牙利第二大城市德布勒森（Debrecen）設(shè)計全新的匈牙利自然歷史博物館。這座23,000平方米的博物館，將坐落于城市北部歷史悠久的大森林中。設(shè)計核心是三條交疊的景觀帶狀結(jié)構(gòu)，它從森林地面緩緩升起，塑造出一個融合了公共性與科學(xué)性的全新目的地。

BIG – Bjarke Ingels Group has been selected to design the home of the new Hungarian Natural History Museum in Hungary’s second-largest city, Debrecen. The 23,000 m2 museum will be nestled within the centuries-old Great Forest in the northern part of the city, proposing three overlapping landscaped ribbons that gently rise from the forest floor to form a new public and scientific destination.

新館選址于德布勒森大森林邊緣的原運動場，由BIG與Vikár és Lukács építés Stúdió、Museum Studio、TYPSA合作設(shè)計。該博物館將取代現(xiàn)位于布達(dá)佩斯的場館，助力政府實現(xiàn)“2030年將德布勒森打造為教育與文化區(qū)域中心”的愿景。該項目受匈牙利自然歷史博物館、文化與創(chuàng)新部委托，館內(nèi)將設(shè)置常設(shè)與臨時展廳、教育研究設(shè)施、公共服務(wù)空間及后勤空間。

Located on a former sports ground at the edge of Debrecen’s Great Forest, Nagyerd?, the new Hungarian Natural History Museum is designed in collaboration with Vikár és Lukács építés Stúdió, Museum Studio and TYPSA. The museum will replace the existing institution in Budapest, supporting the government’s vision to establish Debrecen as a key regional hub for education and culture by 2030. Commissioned by the Museum and the Ministry of Culture and Innovation, the new museum will house permanent and temporary exhibition halls, educational and research facilities, public amenities, and back-of-house spaces.

BIG創(chuàng)始人兼創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)Bjarke Ingels表示：“自然歷史是我深愛的主題，甚至以此命名了我的長子——達(dá)爾文。因此，能夠在德布勒森大森林中設(shè)計匈牙利自然歷史博物館，我深感榮幸。我們的設(shè)計構(gòu)想來自路徑和生命譜系的交匯：交錯的景觀帶層層疊合，形成一系列生態(tài)空間、展廳與畫廊，讓室內(nèi)與室外、私密空間與宏大體量無縫銜接。最終，建筑成為森林空地上的一座人造山丘——幾何形態(tài)清晰，卻又呈現(xiàn)柔和有機的形態(tài)，這恰是自然奇觀之下的理想居所。”

“Natural history is a subject dear to me – so dear that I named my oldest son Darwin. To that end, it is a great honor to have been entrusted with the authorship of the Hungarian Natural History Museum in the Great Forest of Debrecen. Our design is conceived as an intersection of paths and lineages. Intersecting ribbons of landscape overlap to produce a series of niches and habitats, halls and galleries, blending the inside and the outside, the intimate and the mastodontic in seamless continuity. The result is a manmade hill in a forest clearing; geometrically clear yet softly organic - an appropriate home for the wonders of the natural world.”- Bjarke Ingels, Founder and Creative Director, BIG

新博物館的建筑形態(tài)由三條隨地形起伏的交錯體量構(gòu)成。博物館建筑采用大規(guī)模木結(jié)構(gòu)與炭化木立面，部分掩埋于地下，并從森林地面拔起，在視覺上與公園環(huán)境融為一體。同時，傾斜的屋頂景觀向公眾開放，提供城市全景視野。

The new museum is defined by three overlapping volumes that rise and fall with the landscape. With a mass timber structure and charred timber facade, the museum is partially sunken into the ground and rises from the forest floor to visually blend into its park surroundings, while its sloping roofscape invites public access and offers expansive views of the city.

BIG合伙人Hanna Johansson稱：“我們希望匈牙利自然歷史博物館成為環(huán)境的有機組成部分，既受場地塑造，亦重塑周邊景觀。建筑采用大規(guī)模木結(jié)構(gòu)，外立面采用本地炭化木板，從地面自然延展，使建筑與自然環(huán)境融為一體。博物館利用地?zé)崮芎凸夥宓痊F(xiàn)場能源系統(tǒng)，以地?zé)嵝钅芫S持全年穩(wěn)定的室內(nèi)氣候。建筑不僅是對場地的保護(hù)，更是在恢復(fù)和提升生態(tài)系統(tǒng)——在悄然適應(yīng)環(huán)境的同時，也促進(jìn)生物多樣性的再生。”

“We envisioned the Hungarian Natural History Museum as an integrated part of its environment, both shaped by and shaping the landscape around it. Constructed from mass timber, the building features a fa?ade of locally sourced charred timber panels that emerge from the ground, blurring the lines between architecture and wilderness. The museum draws on the thermal mass of the ground and integrates on-site energy systems, including geothermal loops and photovoltaic panels, to ensure a stable indoor climate year-round. Rather than simply preserving the site, the building restores and enhances it - regenerating biodiversity while quietly adapting to its surroundings.” - Hanna Johansson, Partner, BIG

無論從哪個方向接近，訪客都會遇見開放廣場、蜿蜒林徑，以及建筑框景。博物館四面皆可進(jìn)入，良好地融入城市肌理與自然景觀。南側(cè)寬闊的廣場作為抵達(dá)的標(biāo)志，成為社區(qū)生活與博物館活動的交匯點。

Approaching from any direction, visitors are met with open plazas, winding forest paths and framed views through and over the building. The museum is accessible from all sides, integrating it into both the urban fabric and the surrounding natural landscape. The arrival is marked by a generous southern plaza that forms a meeting point for community life and museum activities.

在建筑內(nèi)部，接待大廳作為核心導(dǎo)向節(jié)點，向周邊各個展廳提供視覺通廊——五個展廳用于常設(shè)展覽，另一座則是臨時展廳及公共活動空間，整體呈放射狀布局。上層設(shè)有圖書館和餐廳，可俯瞰森林；下層則設(shè)有學(xué)習(xí)中心，提供工作坊、游樂空間及研究實驗室，服務(wù)學(xué)生、家庭和研究人員。

Inside, the reception hall acts as a central compass point, offering glimpses into the surrounding exhibition wings – five for permanent galleries and one for temporary shows and public programs, organized in a radial layout. Above, a library and restaurant offer views into the forest canopy, while below, a learning hub hosts workshops, play spaces and research labs for students, families and staff.

博物館最大程度減少對自然的侵占，部分建筑體量隱匿于地形之中。傾斜的綠色屋面種植本地植被，為動植物提供棲息地，并在視覺上將公園的景觀延展至建筑之上。植物也延續(xù)至博物館內(nèi)部，創(chuàng)造出全年開放的公共休閑與社交空間。

Minimizing its footprint, the museum is partially hidden in the terrain. The sloping green roofs are planted with native species, offering habitats for local flora and fauna while visually extending the park over the museum. Vegetation continues through the site and into the building, offering areas for rest and gatherings for the public year-round.

完整項目信息

PROJECT INFORMATION

Name: Hungarian Natural History Museum

Size: 23,000m2

Location: Debrecen, Hungary

Client: DIF Debrecen

Collaborators: Vikár és Lukács építés Stúdió, Museum Studio – London, TYPSA

PROJECT TEAM

Partner in Charge: Bjarke Ingels, Hanna Johansson

Project Leader: Jakub Fratczak

Team: Alessandra Baroni, Camila Antonella Mina, Camila Pagnoncelli, Dominika K?opotek, Gian Marco Prisco, Juan Carpio, Nicolas Bachmann Bellido, Olivia Sarra Gómez, Angel Barreno Gutiérrez

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