設(shè)計單位? REFORM重塑建筑、深總院、華鼎新維

項目地址? 廣東深圳

建成時間? 2024年9月

建筑面積? 143平方米

背景

Background

園博園位于深圳市福田區(qū)，園內(nèi)自然景觀豐富，擁有坡地、丘陵、湖泊、崖谷、叢林等多種自然地貌，并匯集了世界各地的園林風(fēng)情，建筑形式各具特色。2020年，園博園啟動了公廁改造提升工程（又稱“公廁革命”），共包含七座公廁的建設(shè)，其中一個即為花卉館公廁。場地地處緩坡，北側(cè)、東側(cè)和西側(cè)被林木環(huán)繞，南側(cè)則開敞并與園區(qū)支路相鄰。

The Garden Expo Park is located in the Futian District of Shenzhen, featuring a rich natural landscape with various terrains such as slopes, hills, lakes, cliffs, valleys, and jungles. The park also showcases diverse garden styles from around the world, with unique architectural forms. In 2020, the Garden Expo Park launched a public toilet renovation and upgrading project (also known as the "Toilet Revolution"), which includes this public toilets. This toilet is situated on a gentle slope, surrounded by trees on the north, east, and west sides, while the southern side opens up, adjacent to a park access road.

挑戰(zhàn)

Challenges

1、保護(hù)原始場地的林木：公廁的建設(shè)不能對現(xiàn)有林木造成侵?jǐn)_，需與自然環(huán)境和諧共存；

Preserving the original site trees: The construction of the toilet had to avoid disturbing the existing trees, ensuring harmony with the natural environment.

2、優(yōu)化自然通風(fēng)：通過設(shè)計改善通風(fēng)效果，有效降低公廁異味，提升使用體驗；

Optimizing natural ventilation: The design aimed to improve ventilation to effectively reduce unpleasant odors and enhance the user experience.

3、重塑城市形象：借鑒世界園林風(fēng)格，打破傳統(tǒng)公廁的設(shè)計模式，賦予設(shè)計新的城市形象與文化內(nèi)涵。

Innovating the city’s image: Drawing inspiration from global garden styles, the project aimed to break away from traditional public toilet designs, giving it a new urban identity and cultural significance.

▲ 花卉館公廁? ?REFORM重塑建筑?

墻

Walls

設(shè)計方案由19片8—10米長、4米高的平行墻體構(gòu)成，墻體順應(yīng)林地邊界前后錯動，巧妙避讓需保留的林木。中部設(shè)置公共盥洗區(qū)，男女廁分置兩端。廁位、第三衛(wèi)生間、母嬰室、化妝間等功能隱藏于墻體間隙。建筑南北向開敞，引入竹林景觀，東西向封閉，確保私密性。

The design consists of 19 parallel walls, each 8-10 meters long and 4 meters high. The walls follow the natural boundary of the forest, shifting back and forth to cleverly avoid the trees that needed to be preserved. The central area is a public washroom, with separate male and female toilets at either end. Facilities like toilet stalls, an accessible restroom, a nursing room, and a makeup room are hidden within the gaps between the walls. The building opens to the north and south, introducing views of the bamboo forest, while being closed off on the east and west sides to ensure privacy.

拱

Arches

拱門作為西式建筑的經(jīng)典符號和中式園林建筑的慣用技法，在本設(shè)計中得到巧妙運用。一系列拱門貫穿墻體，形成具有引導(dǎo)性的流動空間。通過對拱門的抽象化處理和陣列，賦予建筑以獨特的儀式感。拱門統(tǒng)一為3米高，寬度分為1.5米、2.8米和3.6米三種，分別適應(yīng)入廁、走廊及盥洗等不同場景的功能需求。

Arches, a classic symbol of Western architecture and a common feature in Chinese garden architecture, are cleverly incorporated into this design. A series of arches run through the walls, creating a flowing space that guides users. The arches are abstracted and arranged in a way that imparts a sense of ceremony to the building. All arches are 3 meters high, with widths of 1.5 meters, 2.8 meters, and 3.6 meters, corresponding to different functional needs for the restroom, corridors, and wash area.

實與虛

Real and Imaginary

墻體選用淺灰色啞光瓷磚裝飾，既便于日常維護(hù)，又能有效控制造價，展示了低調(diào)、樸素的色彩美學(xué)。南北向的外墻則采用磨砂玻璃磚，不僅保證了私密性，還巧妙地將自然景色引入室內(nèi)，創(chuàng)造了一種朦朧而溫柔的光影效果。玻璃磚與淺灰色墻體虛實對比，豐富了空間體驗。設(shè)計中還巧妙地加入了木飾面隔板，溫潤的木質(zhì)感為空間增添了一份溫馨和親和力。

The walls are decorated with light gray matte ceramic tiles, which are easy to maintain and cost-effective, giving the building a simple and understated appearance. The north and south exterior walls use frosted glass bricks, ensuring privacy while softly bringing the natural landscape inside. The contrast between the glass bricks and the light gray walls enhances the spatial experience. Wooden partitions are also incorporated into the design, adding warmth and intimacy to the space.

光

Light

磨砂玻璃天窗將直射光柔化為均勻的漫射光，營造出美術(shù)館般靜謐而柔和的氛圍。樹枝與云朵的剪影浮動于天窗之上，留下生動的自然印記。微風(fēng)與綠植通過頂棚和外墻之間的開口滲透進(jìn)來，使建筑成為吸納自然的容器。充足的自然采光減少了對人工照明的依賴，利于節(jié)能，而良好的自然通風(fēng)則有效降低了公廁室內(nèi)的異味，提升了使用體驗。

Frosted glass skylights filter direct sunlight into soft, diffused light, creating a serene and museum-like atmosphere. The silhouettes of branches and clouds dance on the skylight, leaving vivid natural traces. A gentle breeze and greenery seep in through openings between the roof and exterior walls, transforming the building into a vessel that absorbs nature. The ample natural light reduces reliance on artificial lighting, promoting energy efficiency. The excellent natural ventilation effectively reduces odors, further improving the user experience.

結(jié)語

Conclusion

自深圳市啟動“廁所革命”系列工程以來，大量市政公廁項目為節(jié)約成本和提高效率，多采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化模塊的變形設(shè)計。然而，面對園博園豐富多變的環(huán)境，我們并未套用模板，而是選擇因地制宜，讓建筑與場地敏感而融洽地結(jié)合。我們通過打造高品質(zhì)空間，不僅滿足了基本的生理需求，更讓“上廁所”這一日常行為帶來了一絲意外的驚喜。令人欣慰的是，使用者在社交媒體上自發(fā)記錄自己的空間體驗，并為其打上了“最美公廁”的標(biāo)簽。人性化的設(shè)計和美的感受正在改變?nèi)藗儗珟墓逃姓J(rèn)知，激發(fā)了他們對城市公共設(shè)施的關(guān)注與愛護(hù)。這正是我們對“廁所革命”意義的深刻理解。

Since the launch of the "Toilet Revolution" series of projects in Shenzhen, many municipal toilet projects have opted for standardized modular designs to save costs and improve efficiency. However, given the diverse and dynamic environment of the Garden Expo Park, we avoided using templates and chose instead to tailor the design to the site, ensuring a sensitive and harmonious integration of architecture and landscape. By creating a high-quality space, we have made using the restroom not only a basic physiological need but also an enjoyable experience. It is gratifying to see that users on social media have spontaneously documented their experiences and labeled it as the "most beautiful public toilet." The human-centered design and aesthetic experience can change people's perceptions of public toilets and encourage greater care and respect for urban public facilities. This is the true meaning of the "Toilet Revolution" as we understand it.

完整項目信息

項目名稱：深圳國際園林花卉博覽園花卉館公廁設(shè)計

項目類型：Pubilc Architecture

設(shè)計方：深圳市重塑建筑有限公司

項目設(shè)計：2020年—2024年

完成年份：2024年9月

主創(chuàng)建筑師：舒賽

設(shè)計團(tuán)隊：舒賽、曾皓、鐘愛紅、曾子瀅、張詩、喻張翼

項目地址：廣東省深圳市福田區(qū)

建筑面積：143平方米

攝影版權(quán)：孫輝煌

項目單位：深圳市公園管理中心

建設(shè)單位：深圳市建筑工務(wù)署

代建單位：深圳華僑城房地產(chǎn)有限公司

初步設(shè)計：深圳市建筑設(shè)計研究總院

初步設(shè)計完整名單：辛怡、熊志、歐陽志坷、劉賜航、肖遠(yuǎn)定、李筱麟、周間芳、管瑞、唐浩、夏昕、陳洪正、馬瑩、黃鵬、石午陽、黃檢

施工圖設(shè)計：廣東華鼎新維設(shè)計工程有限公司

施工圖設(shè)計完整名單：劉大志、邱禮民、林百暉、陳奕鑫、黃雪萍、鄭旭鵬、謝忠星、韓連利

施工單位：汕頭市建筑工程有限公司

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