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水上城市的可持續發展設計——Mareterra生態區
a precedent for building on water: mareterra eco-district completes in monaco
由專筑網韓慧慧，小R編譯
Mareterra生態區位于摩納哥，由Renzo Piano建筑工作室的建筑設計師Valode et Pistre 和景觀設計師Michel Desvigne聯合設計。該生態區是首個設計在水上的可持續發展的城市建筑，預計2024年12月完工。該項目場地用地約為國有土地面積的3%，項目通過向周邊擴展6公頃的場地面積來重塑摩納哥的海岸線。Mareterra生態區具有可持續性、創新性和公益性等特征，一旦建成，將成為摩納哥沿海開發區的新地標，也會成為該地區歷史上的新里程碑。
摩納哥是一個小國家，土地資源有限，但Mareterra生態區在建造中完美的解決了這個問題。該生態區建造前先進行海岸填埋，然后在填埋的土地上進行建造，該生態園區內部設計有Le Renzo住宅、公園、濱海長廊、碼頭和商業部分。該生態區的一半區域都對外開放，可以讓居民和游客在場區內的休閑空間中得到放松。采用這種設計方法主要是國家為了平衡城市現代化發展和環境保護之間的關系。
The newly completed Mareterra project in Monaco, designed by Valode et Pistre Architectes, Renzo Piano Building Workshop, and landscape architect Michel Desvigne, is a groundbreaking example of sustainable urban expansion on water. Officially opening to the public in December 2024, this ambitious land reclamation initiative enhances Monaco’s coastline by adding six hectares to its territory — approximately 3% of the Principality’s total land area. Mareterra’s completion marks a milestone in Monaco’s history of coastal development, with a focus on sustainability, innovation, and public benefit.
Mareterra addresses the geographic constraints of Monaco, a small nation with limited land for expansion. Built entirely on reclaimed land, the district integrates the Le Renzo residences, public parks, a seaside promenade, a marina, and commercial spaces. Half of its area is reserved for public use, ensuring that residents and visitors alike benefit from accessible green and leisure spaces. This urban design approach reflects the Principality’s commitment to balancing modern development with environmental preservation.
images © Hufton + Crow Photography
Mareterra生態區是建筑技術與環境保護策略的結合體，內部有多種海洋生物，例如海浪蛤和大型珍珠母等，均是由海洋生物學家、潛水員和其他專家合作遷移過來的。在建筑內部設計有防混濁玻璃幕和合理的疏浚時間，使得施工周期變短。生態區內還設計有海洋生物棲息地，增加了生態區內的物種多樣性。
Mareterra生態區項目遵循了生態設計原則，與摩納哥的2050年實現碳中和目標相符。該生態區的可持續發展策略有海水熱循環系統（用于加熱和冷卻）、雨水收集系統（用于灌溉）以及大型太陽能電池板裝置系統（可滿足該地區40%能源需求）。生態區內設計有種植屋頂，場地內有1公頃的松樹林，內部種植有1千多棵樹木，增加了生態區內部的生物多樣性，在建筑與生態之間保持平衡。
From the outset, Mareterra has been a testbed for innovative construction techniques and environmental safeguards. Marine biologists, pers, and other specialists collaborated to relocate and protect marine species such as posidonia and large nacres. Anti-turbidity screens and carefully timed dredging minimized sediment disturbance during construction, while underwater caissons were engineered to double as habitats for marine life, fostering biopersity in the reclaimed area.
Mareterra exemplifies eco-design principles, aligning with Monaco’s goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. Key sustainability features include a seawater thalasso-thermal loop for heating and cooling, rainwater collection systems for irrigation, and extensive solar panel installations supplying 40% of the district’s energy needs. Green roofs, a one-hectare pine forest, and the planting of over 1,000 large trees further contribute to biopersity and ecological balance.
位于摩納哥的Mareterra生態區完工時間為2024年12月，比原計劃提前6個月
Monaco’s Mareterra land reclaimation project opens December 2024, six months ahead of schedule
Mareterra生態區由世界知名建筑師Valode et Pistre設計，除場地規劃外，還設計了Jardins d'Eau和Colline區域內的展覽空間和基礎設施。Renzo Piano建筑事務所還設計了Le Renzo住宅和港口規劃，Michel Desvigne設計師設計了場地內部景觀，景觀由城市元素和自然元素共同組成。除以上設計師外，還有Foster + Partners、Stefano Boeri Architetti和Tadao Ando等設計師為該生態區的設計提供了思路，使得生態區內的建筑類型更加豐富。
Mareterra生態區建成之后將會使得摩納哥的文化基礎設施增多，其中增加了10000m2的Grimaldi論壇面積，10000m2中的6000m2是展覽空間，其余面積有冥想空間、藍色洞穴(海洋觀察區)和步行長廊等功能，該設計可以促進社區居民與游客之間的互動，增加文化多樣性。
Mareterra生態區一旦建成將會成為全球可持續土地開發項目的范例。該項目為應對海平面上升的危險，嚴格按照抗震等級標準設計，將成為沿海區域的典型案例。該項目中使用的沉箱技術和環境保護措施使得海洋環境在未來充滿希望。
The design of Mareterra showcases contributions from world-renowned architects. Valode et Pistre Architectes shaped the overall urban layout and designed the Jardins d’Eau and Colline districts, which include public infrastructure and exhibition spaces. Renzo Piano Building Workshop contributed to the design of the Port district and the Le Renzo residential building, while Michel Desvigne orchestrated the landscape design, blending urban and natural elements. Other notable contributors include Foster + Partners, Stefano Boeri Architetti, and Tadao Ando, whose designs for residential villas enrich the district’s architectural persity.
Mareterra expands Monaco’s cultural infrastructure with an additional 10,000 square meters for the Grimaldi Forum, including 6,000 square meters dedicated to exhibitions. Public amenities such as meditation spaces, the Blue Grotto — a marine observation area — and a pedestrianized promenade ensure that the district offers something for everyone, fostering community engagement and cultural enrichment.
Mareterra’s success sets a precedent for sustainable land reclamation projects worldwide. Designed with anti-seismic standards to address the risks of rising sea levels, the project is a forward-thinking solution to urbanization in coastal regions. Its innovative use of caisson technology and environmental protocols offers valuable insights for future developments in marine environments.
▲ 該項目完美的解決了城市擴張問題和海平面上升的危險
the project addresses urban growth and rising sea levels through innovative coastal construction
▲ Mareterra生態區建成之后將會為摩納哥增加6公頃的土地面積，其中包含有城市公園和碼頭
Mareterra adds six hectares to Monaco with pedestrian-friendly promenades parks and a marina
▲ 該生態區由Renzo Piano建筑事務所的Valode et Pistre建筑師和Michel Desvigne景觀設計師聯合設計
architects Valode et Pistre, Renzo Piano, and Michel Desvigne lead the design of this eco-district
▲ 該項目中的可持續發展措施有太陽能電池板裝置系統、海水加熱系統和雨水收集系統
sustainability measures include solar panels, seawater heating systems, and rainwater collection
▲ 該生態區內規劃有1公頃的樹林，種植的是本地樹種，增加了生態區的綠化率，促進了生物多樣性
a one-hectare park with native trees enhances greenery and promotes biopersity
▲ 該項目中使用了水下沉箱技術，目的是保護海洋生物多樣性和維護海洋生態系統平衡
underwater caissons were designed to preserve biopersity and support marine ecosystems
項目信息：
項目名稱：Mareterra生態區
建筑設計：Renzo Piano建筑事務所（簡稱RPBW）的建筑師
場地構架（項目規劃、基礎設施）：Valode et Pistre設計師
項目位置：摩納哥
工程設計：Bouygues Travaux
景觀設計：Michel Desvigne
完工時間：2024年12月
攝影：Hufton + Crow
project info:
name: Mareterra | @mareterramonaco
architecture (Le Renzo building): Renzo Piano Building Workshop (RPBW) Architects | @rpbw_architects
architecture (project plan, infrastructure): Valode et Pistre | @valodeetpistre
location: Monaco
engineering: Bouygues Travaux
landscape architect: Michel Desvigne | @micheldesvignepaysagiste
completion: December 2024
photography: © Hufton + Crow Photography | @huftonandcrow
本文版權歸腿腿教學網及原創作者所有，未經授權，謝絕轉載。
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